Detecção remota do avanço da carcinicultura sobre os manguezais na Bahia estudo de caso nas comunidades de São Francisco e Barra dos Carvalhos, município de Nilo Peçanha

The article aimed to carry out a multitemporal mapping to show the expansion of shrimp farming in the communities of São Francisco and Barra dos Carvalhos, in the municipality of Nilo Peçanha (BA), from the records available in the free tool of Google Earth Pro. The mangrove is of paramount importance for countless estuarine and marine species that use the mangrove environments for shelter, food and refuge, as well as for sustaining fishing and shellfish carried out by artisanal fisheries communities and their food security. High-resolution images were selected for the years 2002, 2012 and 2017. The methodological approach was based on the visual analysis of the images, to identify the classes of use and coverage and the main vectors responsible for the suppression of mangrove areas. To support vectorization, an identification key was developed based on the principles of photointerpretation. Field outings were performed to collect data with the GPS receiver to validate the mapping. In the three years analyzed, it was possible to notice that there was a significant advance in the shrimp farming class. Between 2012 and 2017 there was a significant increase in the number of shrimp farming tanks, now occupying an area of 1.0 km2, an increase of 0.80 km2, corresponding to an area of occupation 5 times greater (500% expansion) than that observed in 2002.