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The construction of divergence measures between two Pythagorean fuzzy sets (PFSs) is significant as it has a variety of applications in different areas such as multicriteria decision making, pattern recognition and image processing. The main purpose of this study to introduce an information-theoretic divergence so-called Pythagorean fuzzy Jensen-Rényi divergence (PFJRD) between two PFSs. The strength and characterization of the proposed Jensen-Rényi divergence between Pythagorean fuzzy sets lie in its practical applications which are very closed to real life. The proposed divergence measure is utilized to induce some useful similarity measures between PFSs. We apply them in pattern recognition, characterization of the similarity between linguistic variables and in multiple criteria decision making. To demonstrate the practical utility and applicability, we present some numerical examples related to daily life with the construction of Pythagorean fuzzy TOPSIS (Techniques of preference similar to ideal solution). Which is utilized to rank the Belt and Road initiative (BRI) projects. Our numerical simulation results show that the suggested measures are well suitable in pattern recognition, characterization of linguistic variables and multi-criteria decision-making environment.

SIMILARITY MEASURES OF PYTHAGOREAN FUZZY SETS WITH APPLICATIONS TO PATTERN RECOGNITION AND MULTICRITERIA DECISION MAKING WITH PYTHAGOREAN TOPSIS