Open AccessPhysicochemical and protein characterization of lima bean (Phaseolus lunatus L) seed
Author(s) -
Hapsari Titi Palupi,
Teti Estiasih,
Yunianta Yunianta,
Aji Sutrisno
Publication year - 2022
Publication title -
food research
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.218
H-Index - 7
ISSN - 2550-2166
DOI - 10.26656/fr.2017.6(1).107
Subject(s) - phytic acid , raffinose , glutelin , phaseolus , chemistry , food science , starch , amylose , globulin , trypsin inhibitor , antinutrient , stachyose , albumin , amylopectin , botany , trypsin , storage protein , biochemistry , biology , sucrose , enzyme , immunology , gene
Lima bean (Phaseolus lunatus L) is native to Latin America and has spread outworldwide, thus having a high level of diversity. The lima bean seed from a specificregion might have different characteristics from others. This study was aimed tocharacterize the physicochemical and protein of the dry seed of lima bean from Indonesiabased on its solubility, electrophoretic pattern, and amino acid profile. The result showedthat carbohydrate (68.89±1.55%) was the major component, with starch (41.96±1.10%) asthe predominant. The amylopectin was higher than amylose. Dietary fibre (27.87±0.37%)was significant and dominated by insoluble one (25.47±0.32%). The fat content(1.15±0.04%) was low and ash (3.67±0.47%) comprised of magnesium, phosphorus,potassium, calcium, and iron with the content of 184, 75, 38, 11, and 10 mg/100 g,respectively. Total phenolic compounds of this seed were 1.29±0.02 mg/g, phytic acid11.57±0.03 mg/g, saponins 16.84±0.42 mg/g, and trypsin inhibitors 36.07±0.11 TIU/g.HCN was found significantly at 30.99±0.29 ppm. Oligosaccharides were 5.93±0.29% thatcomprised of raffinose 1.22±0.08% and stachyose 4.61±0.21%. Protein content wasmoderate (15.93±0.55%) that comprised of albumin 18.47±0.62%, globulin 56.20±2.00%,prolamin 3.14±0.20%, and glutelin 22.69±1.60%. The molecular weight of this proteinwas 10-141 kDa with 12 polypeptides. Globulin had 12 polypeptides of 10 to 124 kDa.Albumin had 18 to 116 kDa molecular weights, while glutelin had six polypeptides of 13to 109 kDa. Prolamin did not have visible polypeptides. Lysine, leucine, valine, andphenylalanine were the primary essential amino acids with high lysine but low methionineand cysteine. In conclusion, lima bean seed is a source of carbohydrates and minerals,with a moderate protein content dominated by the globulin. The polypeptide profile oflima bean seed is varied depending on the protein fractions. The occurrence of antinutrition might hinder its utilization as a protein source. HCN as a toxicant should beremoved to obtain a safe seed for consumption.