Open AccessThe influence of Gum Arabic on the physicochemical and antimicrobial activity of the microencapsulated Mahkota Dewa (Phaleria macrocarpa) leaves
Author(s) -
Z. Mohd Zin,
Nurhakimah Razman,
Hasmadi Mamat,
Mohd Nazmi Abd Manap,
M.K. Zainol
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
food research
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.218
H-Index - 7
ISSN - 2550-2166
DOI - 10.26656/fr.2017.5(3).580
Subject(s) - antimicrobial , chemistry , traditional medicine , food science , medicine , organic chemistry
Mahkota Dewa (Phaleria macrocarpa) also known as God's Crown has been historicallyused as an indispensable alternative herbal medicine. Microencapsulation is a processwhereby tiny particles or droplets are engulfed or enclosed in a coating matrix to producesmall capsules. Generally, without microencapsulation, powders are fragile materials thatcould easily interfere with other components that are difficult to dissolve in water, losetheir beneficial properties and decrease shelf life. It is hoped that the microencapsulationwould increase the consistency of the powder during storage and maintain its beneficialproperties. The goal of this research is to investigate the physicochemical andantimicrobial activity of Mahkota Dewa leaves encapsulated in different concentrations ofgum Arabic (GA) and to determine the form of antioxidant and their role and properties.Mahkota Dewa leaves powders were microencapsulated in 0%, 2%, 4%, 6%, 8% and 10%gum Arabic using an ultrasonic spray dryer at 90οC. The microencapsulated MahkotaDewa leaves (MMDL) samples were subjected to physicochemical and antimicrobialactivity. The results showed that the 6% GA MMDL exhibited the highest yield (3.91%)while 0% GA was the lowest yield (1.64%). The highest total phenolic and flavonoidcontent was exhibited by 2% GA. The highest DPPH inhibition was depicted in 0% GAwhich indicates the highest antioxidant activity (54.9±0.01%) and is significantly (p<0.05)different from other samples. The highest inhibition was exhibited in 0% GA in the TBAmethod and FTC analysis. The encapsulated powders were identified to have weakantimicrobial activity against Bacillus cereus, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus,Salmonella and Listeria monocytogenes. The powders produced have an irregularlyspherical structure and smooth surface with some dented spots on the surface. Thedifferent concentration of gum Arabic resulted in different antioxidant activity, flavonoidcontent and antimicrobial activity of MMDL.