Open AccessDesign, validation, and reliability of an observational notational instrument for the football goalkeeper’s defensive and offensive technical-tactical actions
Author(s) -
Daniel Jara,
Miguel–Ángel Gómez,
Enrique Ortega,
Pilar Sainz de Baranda
Publication year - 2020
Publication title -
kinesiology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
eISSN - 1848-638X
pISSN - 1331-1441
DOI - 10.26582/k.52.2.14
Subject(s) - offensive , observational study , reliability (semiconductor) , football , test (biology) , psychology , computer science , applied psychology , reliability engineering , operations research , statistics , engineering , mathematics , paleontology , power (physics) , physics , quantum mechanics , political science , law , biology
The aim of this study was to design and validate anobservational instrument used to analyse the in-game behaviour of the footballgoalkeeper (GK) in defence and attack. The validation and reliability testingprocesses were carried out by twelve experts through five steps. Contentsvalidity was calculated using Aiken’s V and the kappa index was used to analysereliability. The observational tool was divided into three different contentblocks: GK’s offensive actions, GK’s defensive actions, and opponent’s actionstaken before a GK’s defensive action. Only three out of the total of 24 itemsachieved low values that, after modifications, recorded optimal values (valueshigher than .90) in accordance with the Aiken’s V. Following step one, newproposals were evaluated after a pilot test. The reliability test scoredoptimal values (values higher than .85). An observational sheet was developedto manage the quantitative and qualitative assessments of experts, and theproposed tool was accepted as valid and reliable.