Open AccessMetaphorization in english-language terminological field "animal diseases" in linguocognitive aspect
Author(s) -
Юрій Григорович Рожков
Publication year - 2020
Publication title -
vìsnik harkìvsʹkogo nacìonalʹnogo unìversitetu ìmenì v.n. karazìna. serìâ fìlologìâ
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
ISSN - 2227-1864
DOI - 10.26565/2227-1864-2020-84-08
Subject(s) - metaphor , terminology , gestalt psychology , field (mathematics) , artifact (error) , object (grammar) , cognitive science , linguistics , psychology , communication , perception , philosophy , neuroscience , mathematics , pure mathematics
The article deals with the cognitive mechanisms of using metaphor in veterinary terminology of English language. The material of the study was the terms-metaphors of the terminological field of "animal diseases". Based on the theory of conceptual metaphor, the main donor zones, which served as a source of metaphorical nominations for the designation of animal diseases, were identified within the field under study. The types of metaphorical transferences (structural, gestalt, diffuse) that exist in the terminological field "animal diseases" are characterized. The main categories of varieties of metaphorization of the studied terminological field are analyzed. It is concluded that the processes of metaphorization demonstrated extraordinary activity in terminology, being based on the use of signs of some subject spheres to refer to others. The Gestalt variety was dominant in the process.It was established that the donor zone HUMAN is the most productive one for making terms-metaphors to designate animal diseases since human consciousness is prone to percept an outer world in close association with personal experience of biological and social character.Productive to the English terms of the terminological field of "animal diseases" is the conceptual sphere ARTIFACT as a man-made object. Gestalt metaphorical variation based on the use of visual and auditory gestalt is relevant to this donor zone. For the formation of metaphor terms, the most typical one is visual gestures based on the external similarity of animal disease symptoms to man-made objects, or as a result of their associations with artifact coloring. In the terminological field "animal diseases", this group includes such names as coronavirus infection – "coronaviruses most commonly affect cattle, birds, cats, dogs and humans. The shape of the coronavirus is reminiscent of balls with large (about 20 nanometers) tentacle projections arranged in the form of a solar corona, for which they are called», pastous (from lat. Pastosus – doughlike ) – swollen, portals of infection – "place of penetration of pathogenic microbe in the body" drum belly –"excessive accumulation of gases in the intestine caused by increased fermentation processes and impairment of its motor-secretory function"), laky blood - «destruction of the stroma of erythra of oocytes with the excretion of hemoglobin. "