Open AccessTrends in Direct Breath Analysis by Secondary Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry for Clinical Applications
Author(s) -
Bettina Streckenbach
Publication year - 2022
Publication title -
chimia
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.387
H-Index - 55
eISSN - 2673-2424
pISSN - 0009-4293
DOI - 10.2533/chimia.2022.322
Subject(s) - breath gas analysis , mass spectrometry , electrospray ionization , extractive electrospray ionization , desorption electrospray ionization , biomarker discovery , chemistry , biomarker , clinical toxicology , chromatography , ionization , proteomics , chemical ionization , protein mass spectrometry , toxicology , biology , biochemistry , organic chemistry , ion , gene
Exhaled breath can reveal insights about the metabolic state of the human body through the endo- and exogenous compounds it contains. The extent of detectable compounds, however, was revolutionized by the application of mass spectrometry. More specifically, secondary electrospray ionization high-resolution mass spectrometry (SESI-HRMS) enables the detection of a broad range of breath-derived compounds simultaneously and with high sensitivity. Together with its rapid and non-invasive nature, direct breath analysis by SESI-HRMS raised particular interest for clinical applications. Over the past years, various clinical trials successfully demonstrated the technology´s capability for biomarker discovery in exhaled breath in adults and more recently in children. Current challenges lie within the potential translation of SESI-HRMS into clinical settings and the requirements therein, such as biomarker identification and validation, which became a focus of more recent studies.