Open Access“The Great Masquerader”: Sonographic Pictorial Review of Testicular Tuberculosis and its Mimics
Author(s) -
Pankaj Nepal,
Vijayanadh Ojili,
Swachchhanda Songmen,
Navchetan Kaur,
Thomas Olsavsky,
Arpit Nagar
Publication year - 2019
Publication title -
journal of clinical imaging science
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.279
H-Index - 18
eISSN - 2156-7514
pISSN - 2156-5597
DOI - 10.25259/jcis-14-2019
Subject(s) - medicine , hydrocele , tunica vaginalis , presentation (obstetrics) , tuberculosis , differential diagnosis , radiology , extrapulmonary tuberculosis , calcification , pathology , mycobacterium tuberculosis
Testicular tuberculosis (TB) is an uncommon presentation of extrapulmonary TB. Although rare in incidence, it is a great masquerader and should be kept in consideration while assessing focal abnormalities involving the testis. Ultrasound findings alone may be non-specific and mimic other diagnoses including infection, inflammation, tumor, infarct, and trauma. The main objective of this sonographic pictorial review is to discuss the imaging findings, specific differentiating features against each differential and use of ancillary imaging findings whenever available. Concurrent involvement of epididymis, septated hydrocele, scrotal wall edema, and calcification of tunica vaginalis provides strong evidence in an appropriate setting. Available extratesticular ancillary imaging findings must be correlated for correct diagnosis due to non-specific imaging and clinical presentation. Misdiagnosis of scrotal TB may lead to otherwise avoidable epididymo-orchiectomy.