Demographic profile and spectrum of ultrasonographic findings in medial knee pain: An observational study

Objectives: Medial knee pain is a common occurrence in people of various age groups with different conditions involving underlying structures. Ultrasound is used in assessing various complex knee pathologies as relying solely on clinical evaluation can be difficult. There are hardly any studies showing the compartmental analysis of knee pain using ultrasound. This study analyses the demographic profile and associated various ultrasonographic findings in patients with medial knee pain. Material and Methods: A cross-sectional study was done with participants of age 18 and above with medial knee pain. Screening was done by a Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation specialist in outpatient department and the ultrasonographic evaluation by a radiologist. Demographic profile and ultrasonographic findings of 46 participants were documented and studied. Results: Out of 46 participants studied, 95.65% were females. The mean age of distribution was 50.61 years and 52% of participants were overweight and 33% with obesity Class-I. Ultrasonography revealed abnormality of medial collateral ligament (45.65%), pes anserine tendon (41.30%) and bursa (4.55%), medial meniscus (36.96%), joint effusion (54.35%), and synovial hypertrophy, Baker’s cyst, and osteophytes. Conclusion: Older age, female gender, and increased body mass index are likely associated with medial knee pain with variable underlying conditions. These conditions can be differentiated with use of ultrasound by visualizing the abnormalities in underlying anatomical structures. Ultrasonography can be used with adequate knowledge and experience as a guide and tool in optimal management of wide spectrum of knee problems.