Open AccessAnti-Hyperglycemic and Anti-Hyperlipidemic Potential of the Leaves of Maesobotrya dusenii Hutchinson
Author(s) -
Suleiman Mikailu,
Kio Anthony Abo
Publication year - 2017
Publication title -
international journal of pharmacognosy and phytochemical research
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
ISSN - 0975-4873
DOI - 10.25258/phyto.v9i5.8150
Subject(s) - glibenclamide , acute toxicity , chemistry , urea , toxicity , phytochemical , fractionation , alloxan , diabetes mellitus , terpenoid , triglyceride , chloroform , cholesterol , ethanol , intraperitoneal injection , blood lipids , traditional medicine , chromatography , pharmacology , medicine , biochemistry , endocrinology , organic chemistry
Objective: To investigate the ethnomedicinal use of the leaves of Maesobotrya dusenii Hutchinson (Euphorbiaceae) in thetreatment of diabetes mellitus. Methods: Powdered leaves were successively extracted with n-hexane, chloroform and 70%ethanol for three consecutive days respectively and the obtained extracts were assessed for phytochemicals, acute toxicity,anti-hyperlipidemic and anti-hyperlipidemic activity on albino rats. The acute toxicity was assessed by Lorke’s method.Hyperglycemia was achieved by intraperitoneal injection of alloxan monohydrate (120mg/kg). Blood glucose wasdetermined daily for seven days using a glucometer. On the seventh day of treatment, blood samples were obtained andthe serum triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC), glycosylated heamoglobin (GH), urea and high density lipoprotein(HDL) were determined. The active hexane fraction was further fractionated by column chromatography. Results: Thephytochemical screening revealed the presence of terpenoids, phenolic compounds and carbohydrates. Death was notrecorded at 5000mg/kg in the toxicity study. The n-hexane extract showed the highest significant (p less than 0.05) reduction of74.1% in blood glucose which was comparable to Glibenclamide (79.7%). Further fractionation yielded six fractions (F1-F6) in which fraction F4, F5 and F6 were the most active with 83, 80 and 79% reduction of blood glucose. The lipid profileof the active fractions also exhibited decrease in TG, TC, GH, Urea and increase in HDL. Conclusion: This study reportsfor the first time, the acute toxicity, anti-diabetic and anti-hyperlipidemic potential of leaves of Maesobotrya dusenii. Thisstudy also justifies its ethno-medicinal use in the treatment of diabetes mellitus in Rivers State, Nigeria.