Environmental assessment of spring rapeseed varieties in the different cultivation conditions

We conducted the environmental assessment of the spring rapeseed cultivars bred at the Siberian experimental station (SOS): Kupol, Granit and 55 region, a promising line SL-691 and a variety Tavrion bred in VNIIMK in different soil-climatic zones of cultivation. Weather conditions in the Western Siberia and the Krasnodar region had distinctive features by precipitation amount and average daily air temperature for the years of research (2017–2019). The best year for growing of spring rapeseed regardless of the cultivation zone was 2017. In the Western Siberia, the worst year for growing according to the environmental conditions index was 2019 (Ij = -5.81), and in the Krasnodar region 2018 (Ij = -10.92). Data on varieties in the Western Siberia allowed us to establish that with a higher index (bi) of 1.32 and 1.24, respectively for the varieties Granit and 55 region, they have the greatest environmental plasticity and responded more actively to certain improvements in growing conditions. In the conditions of the Krasnodar region, the highest environmental plasticity was observed for the varieties Kupol and 55 region, with bi equal to 1.29 and 1.11, respectively. Regardless of the cultivation conditions, the line SL-691 was marked as unstable by its seed yield. The varieties developed at the Siberian experimental station (SOS) – a branch of the V.S. Pustovoit All-Russian Research Institute of Oil Crops had high oil content of 52.1–52.6% in the Western Siberia on average over the years of testing. In the conditions of the Krasnodar region, the average oil content of the seeds was 42.2–43.6%. Over the years of the research, this trait was little changed over the years and stable in varieties.