Analisis Pengaruh Aspek Technology-Organization-Environment dalam Financial Technology terhadap Financial Inclusion UMKM Karawang

Intisari— Permulaan Industri 4.0 ditandai dengan munculnya rekayasa intelegensia dan internet of thing. Industri 4.0 diperkirakan akan mempunyai potensi manfaat yang besar, namun menyimpan berbagai dampak negatif salah satunya adalah disrupsi pada ancaman lapangan pekerjaan yang membuat persaingan semakin ketat. Langkah Pemerintah Indonesia dalam mengatasi hal tersebut dengan membuat roadmap making Indonesia 4.0. Salah satu langkah inisiatif dalam roadmap making Indonesia 4.0 adalah pemberdayaan usaha kecil, mikro, dan menengah (UMKM) dan insentif dalam inovasi atau penggunaan teknologi. Namun, UMKM mengalami beberapa hambatan salah satunya adalah kurangnya sumber dana dan penggunaan teknologi. Hal ini membuat pelaku UMKM harus menghasilkan inovasi baru agar bisa memenuhi tuntutan pasar. Inovasi tersebut diwujudkan dengan penggunaan financial technology (fintech). Penggunaan fintech memiliki beberapa aspek yang menjadi pertimbangan bagi UMKM, salah satunya adalah pada aspek technology-organization-environment (TOE). Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengidentifikasi faktor yang paling signifikan berdasarkan aspek TOE dalam penggunaan financial technology dan pengaruh financial technology terhadap financial inclusion UMKM Kabupaten Karawang menggunakan metode SEM-PLS dengan 100 responden pelaku UMKM sebagai sampel. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa aspek TOE yang dilihat dari perceived direct benefit mempengaruhi financial technology (0.152). Sedangkan perceived indirect benefit, perceived cost, perceived technical competence, perceived industry pressure, dan perceived government pressure tidak memiliki pengaruh dalam financial technology (0.277; 0.174; 0.261; 0.225; 0.035), dan financial technology mempengaruhi financial inclusion (0.727). Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini didapatkan bahwa faktor yang signifikan dalam aspek TOE yang mempengaruhi penggunaan financial technology adalah perceived direct benefit, dimana menurut responden pada penelitian ini merasakan manfaat langsung dari penggunaan financial technology dan semakin tinggi pengguna financial technology sebanding dengan financial inclusion UMKM.Abstract— The beginning of Industry 4.0 was marked by the transition to intelligence engineering and the internet of things. Industry 4.0 is predicted to have great potential benefits, but it keeps various negative impacts, one of which is disturbed by job challenges that make competition tighter. The steps of the Government of Indonesia in overcoming this matter by making a road map to make Indonesia 4.0. One of the steps in developing a road map for Indonesia 4.0 is the empowerment of small, micro and medium enterprises (MSMEs) and incentives for innovation or technology use. However, MSME uses several solutions, one of which uses funding sources and the use of technology. This makes SMEs must get new innovations in order to get market praise. The innovation is realized by using financial technology (fintech). The use of fintech has several aspects that are considered by MSMEs, one of which is in the aspect of technology-organization-environment (TOE). The purpose of this study is the comparison of the most significant factors based on aspects of TOE in the use of financial technology and financial technology on MSME financial inclusion in Karawang Regency using the SEM-PLS method with 100 respondents using MSME as a sample. The results of this study indicate that the aspect of TOE as seen from the direct benefits felt affects financial technology (0.152). Whereas perceived indirect benefits, perceived costs, perceived technical competence, perceived industry pressure, and perceived government pressure have no influence in financial technology (0.277; 0.174; 0.261; 0.225; 0.035), and financial technology affects financial inclusion (0.727). Based on the results of this study, it was found that a significant factor in the aspect of TOE that influenced the use of financial technology felt direct benefits, where according to respondents in this study the direct benefits of using financial technology and the higher financial technology users were comparable to MSME financial inclusion.