Open AccessMEASURES TO COMBAT THE CHOLERA EPIDEMIC AT INDUSTRIAL ENTERPRISES IN UKRAINIAN LANDS (90s of the XIX century)
Author(s) -
Iryna Shandra
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
prolemi gumanìtarnih nauk: zbìrnik naukovih pracʹ drogobicʹkogo deržavnogo pedagogìčnogo unìversitetu ìmenì ìvana franka. serìâ ìstorìâ/problemi gumanìtarnih nauk. ìstorìâ
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
eISSN - 2664-3715
pISSN - 2312-2595
DOI - 10.24919/2312-2595.6/48.228475
Subject(s) - ukrainian , cholera , human settlement , objectivity (philosophy) , geography , hygiene , historical method , economic growth , political science , economy , medicine , archaeology , economics , philosophy , linguistics , epistemology , pathology , virology
Summary. Epidemics are part of human history, with the development of communications between regions and continents only accelerating their spread. Another outbreak of cholera in India led to the fifth world epidemic of the disease reaching Ukrainian lands in the summer-autumn of 1892. The purpose of the article is to analyze the undertaken steps to combat the cholera epidemic in industrial enterprises in the Ukrainian lands in the 1890s. The research methodology is based on a system of principles (scientific, objectivity, historicism) and methods of scientific knowledge. The use of general scientific (analytical, retrospective, systemic) and special-historical (historical-typological, historical-comparative, chronological) methods allowed to analyze the peculiarities of the disease in factory and mining settlements, to identify general imperial manifestations during the epidemic and economic causes. Scientific novelty. The cholera epidemic of 1892 in the Ukrainian lands was analyzed from the point of view of a socio-economic problem, which entrepreneurs tried hard to minimize by developing a set of measures for this purpose. Article shows that the owners of factories and mines often encountered a lack of understanding by workers of the scale of the problem (from bold non-compliance with hygiene standards to "cholera riots"). It was highlighted that the developed set of measures allowed us to minimize the manifestations of the disease, and objective circumstances – to chronologically limit its duration. In the article was made the concludes that it is necessary to comply with anti-epidemiological measures and carry out educational work among the general public; high efficiency of sanitary and epidemiological measures is possible if business owners are actively involved in their implementation.