О некоторых функциональных зависимостях в региональных экстерналиях

Проблема контроля над негативными экстерналиями приобретает особую актуальность при переходе к устойчивому развитию регионов. В настоящей статье исследуется зависимость основных видов экстерналий от некоторых экономических факторов в общенациональном, макрорегиональном и региональном масштабах. Построены четыре группы однофакторных функций загрязнения. Для более глубокого выявления функциональных зависимостей на втором этапе исследования был проведен однофакторный дисперсионный анализ по каждой из функций. В результате в ряде случаев выявлено наличие, а в ряде – отсутствие функциональных зависимостей между экстерналиями и рассмотренными экономическими факторами. Выдвинут ряд гипотез для интерпретации наблюдаемой картины. Показаны возможности инструмента одно- факторных функций загрязнения как в методическом, так и в практическом плане. The issue of control over the negative externalities becomes especially relevant in the transition to the sustainable development of the regions. The article deals with investigating the dependence of the main types of externalities (the pollutants emissions into the atmosphere and discharges into water bodies) upon the significant economic factors - GRP and innovations, for which four groups of one-factor pollution functions were constructed. The functions were constructed on the national, macro-regional (Russian Far East) and regional (Kamchatka Territory) scale. To determine the functional dependencies more deeply a one-way analysis of variance was conducted for each of the functions at the second stage of the study, As a result, in some cases the presence and, in some cases the absence of functional dependencies between the dynamics of externalities and the considered economic factors was revealed. During the analysis it was found that of all groups of functions, the maximum degree of the economic factors influence on the number of externalities was observed at the national level, which was confirmed by the analysis of variance data. Significant impact was not observed for all groups of functions at the macro-regional and regional levels. A number of hypotheses were put forward for interpreting the observed picture. In the methodological aspect, it is shown that the tool of one-factor pollution functions, enhanced by the method of variance analysis, allows to determine the presence or absence of significant relationships between various economic factors and the dynamics of externalities. In practical terms, this tool allows to identify the problem points in the field of the externalities control. The possible trends of the further prospective studies in the field of the regional externalities functional analysis are briefly outlined in the paper.