Open AccessStudy of the Entropy as a Way to Detect Venous Air Embolism Using a Pre-cordial Doppler
Author(s) -
Ana Tedim,
Pedro Amorim,
Ana Castro
Publication year - 2018
Publication title -
u.porto journal of engineering
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
ISSN - 2183-6493
DOI - 10.24840/2183-6493_001.002_0005
Subject(s) - saline , medicine , doppler effect , anesthesia , heart rate , entropy (arrow of time) , cardiology , acoustics , biomedical engineering , physics , blood pressure , quantum mechanics , astronomy
Venous air embolism (VAE) is the air bubble accumulation in the right side of the heart, or in the pulmonary region. Pre-cordial Doppler allows a real-time monitoring of heart sound and is used to detect VAE episodes through changes in cardiac sound. Sometimes these changes are not detected by the operator, which reveals the importance of finding other robust methods for VAE detection. This work aims to study entropy as a feature of the heart sound that may provide useful information on VAE episodes.A clinical protocol was designed: Doppler Heart Sound (DHS) was collected at baseline, and following infusions of saline with 4 distinct volumes and 2 infusion rates, and given through 2 infusion vias, to 4 patients enrolled in the clinical study. Entropy of these segments was obtained, and relation between the extracted feature and saline infusions was studied.Entropy presents a good performance showing an increase in response to saline injections (increased blood flow turbulence).