Open AccessTop-down and Bottom-up Urban and Regional Planning: Towards a Framework for the Use of Planning Standards
Author(s) -
Ioannis A. Pissourios
Publication year - 2014
Publication title -
european spatial research and policy
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.323
H-Index - 10
eISSN - 1896-1525
pISSN - 1231-1952
DOI - 10.2478/esrp-2014-0007
Subject(s) - top down and bottom up design , scale (ratio) , local planning , urban planning , business system planning , process management , seven management and planning tools , environmental design and planning , order (exchange) , land use planning , computer science , environmental planning , management science , engineering , operations management , business , civil engineering , environmental science , geography , land use , cartography , software engineering , finance
The purpose of this paper is to discuss the ways that the top-down and the bottom-up approaches to planning can be combined in the practice of planning standards. In the first part, the paper examines the utilization of planning standards through time, while in the second part it aims to unravel the relationship between the use of planning standards and the top-down as well as the bottom-up planning approach. In the third part, the paper focuses on the limitations of bottom-up approaches, in order to demonstrate that they can only be used in a certain planning scale, leaving all other scales to top-down approaches. Last but not least, the paper proposes a framework for the use of planning standards in a combined top-down and bottom-up planning approach