Open AccessExtraction and characterization of Nanocellulose obtained from sugarcane bagasse as agro-waste
Author(s) -
Mohammed B. Ghazy,
Farag A Esmail,
Waleed K. ElZawawy,
Somaya Al-Maadeed,
Medhat E. Owda
Publication year - 2016
Publication title -
journal of advances in chemistry
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
ISSN - 2321-807X
DOI - 10.24297/jac.v12i3.2166
Subject(s) - nanocellulose , cellulose , bagasse , crystallinity , lignin , acid hydrolysis , hemicellulose , nanofiber , fourier transform infrared spectroscopy , materials science , hydrolysis , whiskers , extraction (chemistry) , nuclear chemistry , scanning electron microscope , chemical engineering , chemistry , pulp and paper industry , composite material , organic chemistry , engineering
This study aimed to characterize nanocellulose extracted from sugarcane bagasse (SCB) by acid hydrolysis 60% (w/w) H2SO4 at 45 ◦C. The effect of hydrolysis time (20, 30 and 40 min) on the structure and properties of the nanofibers was investigated. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and X-ray diffraction (XRD) results indicated that the hemicellulose and lignin were removed extensively in the cellulose whiskers. The morphology and dimensions of the fibers and acid-released cellulose nanowhisker (CNW) were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The results showed that SCB could be used as source to obtain cellulose whiskers and they had needle-like structures. Longer hydrolysis time produced a lower yield of nanofibers; whereas the degree of crystallinity increased from 38.22% to 65.37% with increasing hydrolysis time due to removal of amorphous cellulose.