Open AccessSeropositivity of Anti-Rubella Antibodies as A Marker for Rubella Infection in Infants at High Risk of Congenital Deafness
Author(s) -
Nyilo Purnami,
Risa Etika,
Martono Martono,
Puspa Wardhani
Publication year - 2020
Publication title -
indonesian journal of clinical pathology and medical laboratory
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
ISSN - 2477-4685
DOI - 10.24293/ijcpml.v26i2.1479
Subject(s) - medicine , rubella , rubella virus , serology , cytomegalovirus , congenital rubella syndrome , toxoplasmosis , hearing loss , pediatrics , pregnancy , immunology , congenital rubella , antibody , virus , viral disease , measles , herpesviridae , vaccination , audiology , genetics , biology
Hearing loss in newborns or congenital deafness can be caused by the development of parts of the auditory system. Congenital deafness is often associated with infections such as toxoplasmosis, rubella, cytomegalovirus (CMV), and herpes (TORCH). Deafness is very difficult to find early. Examination of inspection methods that are easy and fast. Efforts to conduct early detection are determined through the Newborn Hearing Screening (NHS) program. Otoacoustic Emission (OAE) and Automated Auditory Brainstem Response (AABR) checks are raw materials for early detection. Congenital deafness often occurs with pregnancy infections with viruses such as rubella. Rubella infection during pregnancy, especially during the first trimester often causes Congenital Rubella Syndrome (CRS). Rubella infection is often double with other causes, namely Toxoplasama, CMV and Herpes. Serological examination can be done by examining Rubella IgG and IgM antibodies. Examination of rubella infection with serological anti Rubella IgG and IgM and examination of auditory function with OAE and AABR examination, with results Of the 45 NICU patients at Dr. Soetomo Hospital found 35 (77.7%) patients with positive Rubella serological tests. The number of patients with a single positive serological test was 12 (34.2%) patients and the Double rubella TORCH serological test was 23 (65.7%) patients. From the results of the study 35 patients were at high risk of disturbance and the results of the analysis there were no significant serological differences in Rubella positive with hearing loss (p = 0.087). Hearing loss in NICU infants has a high risk of factors causing Rubella infection and other related causes. Most Rubella Positive serological tests were found Ig G, which can be due to maternal factors. Serology test need to be repeated for confirmation under surveillance program. The constrained is how to follow up the patient s and define the next laboratory test after 6 months. The efforts need to be strengthend in surveillance programs.