Open AccessBiological Activity of Sumilarv 0.5G against Anopheles gambiae sensu stricto and Anopheles arabiensis in Northern Tanzania
Author(s) -
Eliningaya J. Kweka,
Aneth M Mahande,
Shandala Msangi,
Subira Sayumwe,
Johnson O. Ouma,
Violet Temba,
Lucile J. Lyaruu,
Yousif E. Himeidan
Publication year - 2019
Publication title -
east africa science
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
eISSN - 2664-1003
pISSN - 2664-0996
DOI - 10.24248/easci.v1.iss1.17
Subject(s) - pyriproxyfen , biology , larva , hatching , toxicology , tanzania , anopheles gambiae , pesticide , pupa , sensu stricto , zoology , ecology , malaria , geography , environmental planning , immunology
Background:Sumilarv 0.5G (Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan)is a granular insecticide developed for the control of mosquito and flyaquatic stages. The active ingredient is pyriproxyfen (4-phenoxyphenyl(RS)-2-(2 – pyridyloxy) propyl ether), a juvenile hormone analogue thatacts as an insect growth regulator. Sumilarv 0.5G functions byinhibition of adult emergence from pupae. In this study, the TropicalPesticides Research Institute in Tanzania carried out laboratory,semifield, and full-field evaluation on a new candidate of pupicide,Sumilarv 0.5G. The present study, therefore, sought to test thebioefficacy of Sumilarv 0.5G in laboratory, semifield, and full-fieldconditions in Mabogini, northern Tanzania. Methods: Standard WorldHealth Organization laboratory bioefficacy evaluations of Sumilarv 0.5Gand untreated microcosms were prepared and monitored for inhibition ofthe larvae introduced to the habitats, while field plots were monitoredfor 5 weeks after the introduction of Sumilarv 0.5G usingmanufacturer-recommended doses. Results: Sumilarv 0.5Gbiolarvicide was highly efficacious in its pupicidal effect, with anadult emergence inhibition rate of up to 90% in all conditions. In bothlaboratory and semifield experiments, the emergence inhibition wasdose-dependent, with the lowest adult emergence being recorded inassociation with the highest Sumilarv 0.5G dose of 0.03 ppm of activeingredient. Under field conditions, the application rate recommended bythe manufacturer – 5 mg ai per m2 –reduced the adult emergence rate by 90% to 96% for up to 5weeks. Conclusion:We demonstrated the long-lasting biological activity ofSumilarv 0.5G under field conditions. Notably, the field efficacy wasattained using the recommended dose of 5 mg per m2, thus making it economical to apply thisproduct, which is capable of inhibiting mosquito productivity in naturalhabitats for longer periods than achieved by existing products, theefficacy of which is usually about 1 week.