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PerkecambahanPeronosclerospora spp. Asal Beberapa Daerah di Jawa Barat pada Fungisida Berbahan Aktif Metalaksil, Dimetomorf dan Fenamidon
Author(s) -
Fitri Widiantini,
Dwisari Januarily Pitaloka,
Endah Yulia
Publication year - 2018
Publication title -
jurnal agrikultura/jurnal agribisnis dan agrowisata : the journal of agribusiness and agritourism/jurnal agribisnis dan agrowisata
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
eISSN - 2685-3345
pISSN - 2301-6523
DOI - 10.24198/agrikultura.v28i2.15753
Subject(s) - metalaxyl , fungicide , germination , conidium , downy mildew , biology , horticulture
Germination of Peronosclerospora spp. isolated from several maize plantation areas in West Java on fungicides containing active ingredient of metalaxyl, dimetomorph and fenamidoneDowny mildew is a major disease in corn plants that affect the world corn production, include in Indonesia. The control of downy mildew that caused by pathogen Peronosclerospora spp. are relying on the use of synthetic fungicides. However, the emergence of the Peronosclerospora spp. resistant against fungicides rise awareness for the need of constant surveillance. The aim of this study was to know the effectiveness of three commonly used active ingredients fungicide (Metalaxyl, Dimetomorph, and Fenamidone) in controlling Peronosclerospora spp. from five regions in Wes Java (Sumedang District,Bandung District, Majalengka District, Garut District and West Bandung District). Experiment was conducted using conidia germination method. The results of this study demonstrated that fungicide with active ingredient of Dimethomorph was able to suppress the germination of conidia Peronosclerospora spp. with 0% of conidia germination in 4 districts (Sumedang, Bandung, Majalengka and Garut) and only 0.47% conidia germinated in isolate collected from West Bandung District. Meanwhile, fenamidon experienced a decrease in effectiveness at West Bandung District. In this study, it was also found that the number of conidia germinated on isolates treated with Metalaxyl did not show any significant difference compared to control. This suggested that Peronosclerospora spp. might resistant to Metalaxyl.Keywords: Downy mildew, Peronosclerospora spp., metalaxyl, dimetomorph, fenamidoneABSTRAKPenyakit bulai merupakan penyakit utama pada tanaman jagung yang berpengaruh terhadap produksi jagung dunia, termasuk di Indonesia. Pengendalian penyakit bulai yang disebabkan oleh patogen Peronosclerospora spp. masih bertumpu pada penggunaan fungisida sintetik. Akan tetapi, terjadinya penurunan keefektifan fungisida terhadap Peronosclerospora spp. menyebbkan diperlukannya monitoring secara berkala. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui keefektifan tiga jenis bahan aktif fungisida yang umum digunakan (Metalaksil, Dimetomorf, dan Fenamidon) dalam mengendalikan penyakit bulai terhadap patogen Peronosclerospora spp.asal lima daerah di Jawa Barat (Kab. Sumedang, Kab. Bandung, Kab. Majalengka, Kab. Garut dan Kab. Bandung Barat). Pengujian keefektifan fungisida dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode perkecambahan konidia. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan fungsida dimetomorf terhadap isolat Peronosclerospora spp. asal semua daerah dapat menekan perkecambahan konidia dengan persentase perkecambahannya 0% pada 4 daerah dan 0,47% pada isolat asal daerah Kab. Bandung Barat. Sementara Fenamidon menujukkan indikasi penurunan keefektifan di daerah Bandung Barat. Pada penelitian ini, ditemukan pula adanya indikasi resistensi patogen Peronosclerospora spp. terhadap fungisida Metalaksil. Hal ini terlihat dari perkecambahan konidia yang diperlakukan dengan Metalaksil yang hasilnya tidak berbeda nyata dengan kontrol yang tidak diperlakukan dengan fungisida.Kata Kunci: Penyakit bulai jagung, Peronosclerospora spp., Metalaksil, Dimetomorf, Fenamidon

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