Open AccessContribution of the Leukocyte Adherence Inhibition Test for the Evaluation of Immunoreactivity against Gluten Extracts in Non—IgE-Mediated / Non-Autoimmune Gluten-Related Disorders
Author(s) -
Celso Eduardo Olivier,
Daiana G. Pinto,
Ana P. M. Teixeira,
Jhéssica L. S. Santana,
Raquel Acácia Pereira Gonçalves dos Santos,
Ricardo José Pontes Lima
Publication year - 2022
Publication title -
european journal of clinical medicine
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
ISSN - 2736-5476
DOI - 10.24018/clinicmed.2022.3.2.175
Subject(s) - gluten , medicine , ex vivo , immunology , immunoglobulin e , asymptomatic , immune system , in vivo , gastroenterology , pathology , antibody , biology , microbiology and biotechnology
Background: The Non-Celiac Gluten Sensitivity (NCGS) is a category inside the Gluten-Related Disorders (GRD) that groups the patients with unidentified mechanisms responsible for their symptoms.
Objective: To evaluate the opportunity of an ex vivo challenge immunoassay, the Leukocyte Adherence Inhibition Test (LAIT), to discriminate non—IgE-mediated gluten-specific immunoreactivity in patients with NCGS.
Methods: Ex vivo challenge tests performed with gluten latex extract, monitored by LAIT, were assayed in an asymptomatic control group of 30 individuals and a group of 52 patients with GRD not related to any identifiable immune mechanism (NCGS).
Results: The mean Leukocyte Adherence Inhibition (LAI) of the control group was 10.9%. The mean LAI of the NCGS patients’ group was 54.9%. The non-parametric Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney U test comparing the control group with the NCGS patient’s group showed significance with a p-value < 0.00001.
Conclusion: The LAIT is an ex vivo challenge test able to discriminate gluten-sensitive and gluten-tolerant individuals, suggesting the participation of an immune Non—IgE-mediated hypersensitivity reaction in patients with the clinical diagnosis of NCGS.