ANALISIS KESULITAN BELAJAR KIMIA PADA MATERI LARUTAN PENYANGGA DI SMA NEGERI 2 BANJAR

AbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan dan menjelaskan (1) kesulitan belajar kimia siswa, (2) sebaran kesulitan belajar kimia siswa, dan (3) faktor penyebab kesulitan belajar siswa dalam mempelajari materi larutan penyangga. Subjek penelitian ini adalah 154 orang siswa dari seluruh kelas XI MIA dan 1 orang guru kimia. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah gabungan metode kuantitatif dan kualitatif. Pengambilan data dilakukan dengan cara observasi, tes, kuesioner, dan wawancara. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa (1) Tingkat kesulitan belajar siswa berkisar antara sedikit sulit sampai sangat sulit. (2) Sebaran tingkat kesulitan belajar siswa pada masing-masing indikator adalah cukup sulit (44,97%), sulit (74,57%), sedikit sulit (31,66%), cukup sulit (43,51%), sangat sulit (81,82%), dan sedikit sulit (36,36%). (3) Faktor internal penyebab kesulitan belajar meliputi pemahaman konsep prasyarat dan konsep-konsep pada materi larutan penyangga rendah, kemampuan matematika rendah, minat, dan motivasi belajar kimia rendah. Faktor eksternal penyebab kesulitan belajar meliputi metode mengajar yang diterapkan guru, pengaruh negatif teman sebaya, keadaan dan waktu pembelajaran yang kurang kondusif.Kata kunci : kesulitan belajar, larutan penyangga, faktor penyebabAbstractThis research aims to describe and explain (1) students’ learning difficulties in chemistry, (2) the distribution of students’ learning difficulties, and (3) the causative factors of students’ learning difficulties to understand the topic of buffer solution. The subjects for this research are 154 students from all class XI MIA and 1 chemistry teacher. The research method used a quantitative and qualitative method. The data were collected by using observation, test, questionnaire, and interview. The result of this research showed that (1) The students’ learning difficulties on buffer solution topic was ranged between less difficult until very difficult. (2) The distribution and level of student learning difficulties in each indicators, are difficult enough (44,97%), difficult (74,57%), less difficult (31,66%), difficult enough (43,51%), very difficult (81,82%), and difficult enough (36,36%), respectively (3) Internal factor that caused learning difficulties is less understanding toward supporting concepts and buffer solution concept, the lack of student’s ability in mathematics, less learning interest and motivation toward chemistry. The external factor that caused learning difficulties is teacher’s teaching method, negative effect from friend at the same age, and less conducive learning conditions and times.Keywords: learning disabilities, buffer solution, cause factors