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Dipteronia (Sapindaceae) from the Tertiary of North America and implications for the phytogeographic history of the Aceroideae
Author(s) -
McClain Amy M.,
Manchester Steven R.
Publication year - 2001
Publication title -
american journal of botany
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.218
H-Index - 151
eISSN - 1537-2197
pISSN - 0002-9122
DOI - 10.2307/3558343
Subject(s) - paleogene , genus , biology , old world , paleontology , cretaceous , beringia , subtropics , extant taxon , ecology , evolutionary biology , glacial period
The fossil record of Dipteronia , the sister genus of Acer , is reviewed based on diagnostic winged fruits from the Tertiary of western North America. Today the genus is endemic to eastern Asia with two extant species in central and southern China, but it is well represented in the Tertiary of western North America, ranging from the Paleocene to the Oligocene with the greatest number of occurrences in the middle to late Eocene. There are no known fossil occurrences outside of North America. The fossil fruits, assigned to the new species D. brownii sp. nov., are smaller than those of both living species and were tricarpellate as well as bicarpellate in contrast to the modern species, which are almost exclusively bicarpellate. The tricarpellate condition may be plesiomorphic for Dipteronia and perhaps Aceroideae. The area of origin for Dipteronia is unknown, but it seems likely to have been either Asia or North America, with the genus crossing Beringia in the Paleogene.