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Sexual Reproduction in Agaves: The Benefits of Bats; The Cost of Semelparous Advertising
Author(s) -
Howell D. J.,
Roth Barbara Schropfer
Publication year - 1981
Publication title -
ecology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.144
H-Index - 294
eISSN - 1939-9170
pISSN - 0012-9658
DOI - 10.2307/1936660
Subject(s) - agave , semelparity and iteroparity , pollinator , biology , ecology , reproduction , pollination , habitat , biomass (ecology) , pollen , botany
The pollination success of Agave palmeri is strongly dependent on nectar—feeding bats. In areas with very low or nonexistent bat populations, Agave seed set is <5% of its maximum potential. A 30 yr trend of declining seed set parallels a decline in bat numbers during that period. We speculate that habitat destruction and an increase in human use of Agave are causal factors. Over half of the measurable energy in the plant biomass is allocated to advertising and reproduction. We discuss the costs and risks involved in the semelparous strategy when pollinators decline. Where bats remain, agaves in dense patches show higher seed set than do outlying plants, suggesting that the pollinators favor grouped plants. This behavior may reinforce the plants' colonial tendencies.