Endovascular revascularization of carotid artery stenosis

Introduction. Endovascular revascularization is a peripheral artery disease therapy used to improve blood flow in blood vessels. The objective of this study was to analyze the types and prevalence of comorbidities in patients with indications for carotid artery revascularization, as well as early results of endovascular carotid artery revascularization in relation to periprocedural complications. Material and Methods. This retrospective study was conducted from October 2014 to October 2019 and included 96 patients. Descriptive and comparative statistical analysis was performed in all patients, male and female, and those with both symptomatic and asymptomatic carotid diseases. Results. The study included 96 patients, of whom 69.8% were male and 30.2% were female. A successful endovascular procedure was performed in 89.6% of patients, while in 10.4% of patients the procedure failed. The distribution of patients by sex, age and the duration of procedure, showed a statistically significant difference (p < 0.05) in the age (p = 0.0003) and duration of the procedure (p = 0.022). The comparison of two groups of patients, with symptomatic and asymptomatic carotid atherosclerotic disease, hyperlipoproteinemia (p = 0.015) showed a statistically significant difference (p < 0.05) between the two groups. Conclusion. Endovascular revascularization has a high success rate in the treatment of atherosclerotic disease of the carotid arteries as well as low periprocedural morbidity and mortality. The analysis of gender-related differences, we concluded that endovascular revascularization lasts significantly longer in female patients, and that the average age is significantly higher in male patients compared to females. We also concluded that hyperlipoproteinemia is a major risk factor for carotid artery disease.