Open AccessThe fuel cell yesterday, today and tomorrow
Author(s) -
Dušan Stanojević,
V Milorad Tomic
Publication year - 2005
Publication title -
hemijska industrija
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.147
H-Index - 19
eISSN - 2217-7426
pISSN - 0367-598X
DOI - 10.2298/hemind0506109s
Subject(s) - chemical energy , electric power , electricity , electricity generation , energy transformation , efficient energy use , process engineering , electric potential energy , yesterday , primary energy , environmental science , energy conversion efficiency , thermal energy , energy source , waste management , energy (signal processing) , power (physics) , engineering , natural gas , electrical engineering , chemistry , physics , organic chemistry , quantum mechanics , astronomy , thermodynamics , statistics , mathematics
The fuel cell has some characteristics of a battery carrying out direct chemical conversion into electric energy. In relation to classical systems used for chemical energy conversion into electric power, through heat energy and mechanical operation, the fuel cell has considerably higher efficiency. The thermo-mechanical conversion of chemical into electric energy, in thermal power plants is carried out with 30% efficiency, while the efficiency of chemical conversion into electric energy, using a fuel cell is up to 60%. With the exception of the space programme, the commercial usage of the fuel cell did not exist up to 1990, when the most developed countries started extensive financial support of this source of energy. By 1995, more than a hundred fuel cells were installed in the process of electricity generation in Europe, USA and Japan, while nowadays there are thousands of installations, of efficient energetic capacity. Because of its superior characteristics, the fuel cell compared to other commercial electric energy producers, fulfills the most important condition - it does not pollute or if it does, the level is minimal. With such characteristics the fuel cell can help solve the growing conflict between the further economic development of mankind and the preservation of a clean and healthy natural environment