Open AccessMolecular genetics: Step by step implementation in maize breeding
Author(s) -
Konstantin Konstantinov,
Snežana Mladenović-Drinić
Publication year - 2007
Publication title -
genetika
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.24
H-Index - 15
eISSN - 1820-6069
pISSN - 0534-0012
DOI - 10.2298/gensr0702139k
Subject(s) - biology , amplified fragment length polymorphism , genetics , restriction fragment length polymorphism , gene , mutant , genotype , heterosis , molecular breeding , hybrid , genetic diversity , botany , sociology , population , demography
Efficiency in plant breeding is determined primarily by the ability to screen for genetic polymorphism, productivity and yield stability early in program. Dependent on the knowledge about the biochemical bases of the trait and nature of its genetic control, trait could be modified either through mutagenesis of genes controlling it or through the transfer of already existing mutant genes, controlling desired trait to different plant genotypes by classic crossing. Objective of this report is to present partly results on the investigation of the possibilities to apply ionizing radiations (fast neutrons, γ -rays) and chemical mutagens (EI, iPMS, EMS, ENU) to get maize and wheat mutants with increased amount and improved protein quality. Besides this approach in mutation breeding, results on the very early investigation of biochemical background of opaque -2 mutation including use of coupled cell - free RNA and protein synthesis containing components from both wild and opaque - 2 maize genotypes (chromatin, RNA polymerase, microsomall fraction, protein bodies) will be presented. Partial results on opaque - 2 gene incorporation in different genetic background are reviewed. Part of report is dealing with different classes of molecular markers (proteins, RFLP, AFLP, RAPD, and SSR) application in maize genome polymorphism investigation. Besides application of different molecular markers classes in the investigation of heterosis phenomena they are useful in biochemical pathway of important traits control determination as well.