Open AccessPhenotypic integration in three Lamium species’ response to light and density
Author(s) -
Nataša Barišić Klisarić,
Danijela Miljković,
Stevan Avramov,
Uroš Živković,
Aleksej Tarasjev
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
archives of biological sciences
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.217
H-Index - 25
eISSN - 1821-4339
pISSN - 0354-4664
DOI - 10.2298/abs210512032b
Subject(s) - biology , perennial plant , population , phylogenetic tree , population density , ecology , phenotype , botany , genetics , demography , sociology , gene
Phenotypic correlations were calculated and the levels of phenotypic integration of three congeneric species, annual Lamium purpureum and perennial Lamium album and Lamium maculatum, were estimated. Calculations were performed separately for different stages of development during transplantation under different density and light treatments. L. purpureum exhibited greater integration in comparison to the other two species before exposure to environmental treatments, as well as greater variability in phenotypic correlations in response to light and density. The perennial species possessed similar correlation patterns in comparison to annual L. purpureum, becoming more similar to L. purpureum at later stages of development. The effects of density and light intensity were dependent on the specific combination of factors, as well as on the species under study. Density effects in L. purpureum were also habitat- and population-specific. A greater difference in response to density treatments between habitats than between populations was detected. Overall, phenotypes become more integrated during ontogeny, while dissimilarities in phenotypic correlations among species and between populations were more related to ecological than to phylogenetic differences.