Pathogenetic Aspects of Oral Cavity Lesions in Inflammatory Gastrointestinal Tract Diseases

Despite the similarity of many pathogenetic lesions of the gastrointestinal tract and the oral cavity, there remain unresolved issues related to the etiology and pathogenesis of dental diseases associated with inflammatory bowel diseases. Aim. Analysis and systematization of literature data on the problem of combined diseases of the oral cavity and the gastrointestinal tract. Key findings . Severe recurrent inflammatory bowel disease and the close relationship of all levels of the digestive tube create prerequisites for the development of pathological processes in the oral cavity. Despite the extensive symptoms of oral manifestations of inflammatory bowel disease, aphthous stomatitis is considered more often than other diseases. There are different opinions about the involvement of the oral mucosa in the pathological process in inflammatory bowel disease. Some authors consider the defeat of the mouth in terms of the specific localization of Crohn’s disease, others see in it only extraintestinal manifestations of the disease, along with changes in the skin, joints and eyes. Immunohistochemical studies allow you to answer individual questions of pathogenesis. Conclusion. The presented analysis of publications confirms the morphofunctional unity of various parts of the digestive system, which determines the complex mechanisms of the development of combined diseases.