Open AccessAsosiasi Glomus sp. dan Gigaspora margarita pada bibit Aquilaria malaccensis
Author(s) -
Endah Susilowati,
Melya Riniarti,
Maria Viva Rini
Publication year - 2019
Language(s) - English
DOI - 10.22302/iribb.jur.mp.v87i2.342
Subject(s) - agarwood , glomus , seedling , horticulture , spore , transplanting , dry weight , biology , germination , completely randomized design , shoot , mycorrhizal fungi , botany , inoculation , medicine , alternative medicine , pathology
Agarwood (Aquilaria malaccensis) is one of the non-timber forest products that has high economic value. However, this plant grows very slowly. Therefore, seed technology input is needed, such as addition of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF). The objectives of this research were to study the effect of AMF inoculum i.e. Glomus sp., Gigaspora margarita and mixture of both species on agarwood growth and to determine the best AMF type for agarwood seedlings growth. The experimental research design used was a completely randomized design with three treatments, namely Glomus sp. (G), G. margarita (Gi) and a mixture of Glomus sp. and G. margarita (GGi) and without AMF inoculation (K) with each treatment repeated 8 times. The number of AMF spores used was ± 300 spores/seedling, and applied at the time of transplanting from germination tray to the polybag. Data were processed using analysis of variance and least significant difference test (LSD). The results showed there was AMF colonization in agarwood roots after 12 weeks of inoculation with the highest percentage at 20.50% on G. margarita treatment. Overall, AMF improved the growth of agarwood seedlings. The best seedlings growth was in the treatment of mixed AMF (GGi). Increased growth was found in plant height (14.68 cm), seedling diameter (2.16 mm), leaf area (119.30 cm2), root volume (1.15 mL), total dry weight (0.83 g), and shoot root ratio (4.99).[Keywords: agarwood, A. malaccensis,AMF, G. margarita,Glomussp.]AbstrakGaharu (Aquilariamalaccensis) adalah salah satu hasil hutan bukan kayu yang memiliki nilai ekonomis tinggi. Namun tanaman ini memiliki pertumbuhan yang lambat, sehingga diperlukan input teknologi pembibitan berupa penambahan fungi mikoriza arbuskular (FMA). Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian FMA tunggal Glomussp., Gigaspora margaritadan campuran keduanya (Glomussp. dan G. margarita)terhadap pertumbuhan gaharu serta menentukan isolatyang menghasilkan pertumbuhan bibit gaharu yang lebih baik. Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan adalah rancangan acak lengkap untuk menguji tiga perlakuan yaitu Glomussp. (G), G. margarita (Gi) dan campuran Glomus sp. dan G. margarita(GGi) serta satu kontrol (K) dengan masing – masing perlakuan diulang 8 kali. Inokulum FMA yang digunakan memiliki kepadatan ±300 spora/bibit dan diinokulasikan saat bibit dipindahkan dari persemaian ke polybag. Data diolah menggunakan analisis varians dan uji beda nyata terkecil (BNT). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ditemukan adanya kolonisasi FMA dalam akar gaharu setelah 12 minggu inokulasi dengan persentase kolonisasi tertinggi 20,50% oleh G. margarita. Secara keseluruhan, pemberian FMA mampu meningkatkan pertumbuhan bibit gaharu. Pertumbuhan terbaik terjadi pada perlakuan FMA campuran (GGi). Peningkatan pertumbuhan secara nyata dapat dilihat pada tinggi tanaman (14,68 cm), diameter bibit (2,16 mm), luas daun (119,30 cm2), volume akar (1,15 mL), bobot kering total (0,83 g) dan nisbah tajuk akar (4,99).[Kata kunci: A. malaccensis, FMA, gaharu, G. margarita, Glomus sp.]