BARIUM LEVELS IN THE PROSTATE OF THE NORMAL HUMAN: A REVIEW

Knowledge of the etiology and pathogenesis of most prostate malfunctions and pathologies is very limited. Despite advances in medicine, the differential diagnosis of benign hypertrophic and carcinogenic prostate has steadily increased in complexity and controversy. It has been suggested that the prostate barium level (Ba) may help solve these problems related to prostate disorders, especially as an indicator of prostate cancer risk, as an elevated Ba level in the prostate may be a sign of prostate cancer in the future. These suggestions promoted more detailed studies of the Ba level in the prostate of healthy men. In present review we analyze data published concerning Ba prostatic levels in healthy persons.  In all 2194 items in the literature of the years dating back to 1921 were identified in the following databases: PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, the Cochrane Library, ELSEVIER-EMBASE and Google.  This data was subject to an analysis employing both the “range” and “median” of means.  In this way the disparate nature of published Ba content of normal prostates was evaluated. Of the articles examined, 20 were selected for objective analysis of data from 1049 healthy subjects. The contents of prostatic Ba (on a wet mass basis) spanned the interval from 0.021 mg/kg to 222 mg/kg with 0.26 mg/kg as median for their means. The data included a wide range of values ​​and the samples were small, hence it is advisable that further studies with strong quality control of results be performed.                     Peer Review History: Received 10 January 2021; Revised 2 February; Accepted 4 March, Available online 15 March 2021 UJPR follows the most transparent and toughest ‘Advanced OPEN peer review’ system. The identity of the authors and, reviewers will be known to each other. This transparent process will help to eradicate any possible malicious/purposeful interference by any person (publishing staff, reviewer, editor, author, etc) during peer review. As a result of this unique system, all reviewers will get their due recognition and respect, once their names are published in the papers. We expect that, by publishing peer review reports with published papers, will be helpful to many authors for drafting their article according to the specifications. Auhors will remove any error of their article and they will improve their article(s) according to the previous reports displayed with published article(s). The main purpose of it is ‘to improve the quality of a candidate manuscript’. Our reviewers check the ‘strength and weakness of a manuscript honestly’. There will increase in the perfection, and transparency.  Received file:   Reviewer's Comments: Average Peer review marks at initial stage: 6.5/10 Average Peer review marks at publication stage: 8.5/10 Reviewer(s) detail: Dr. U. S. Mahadeva Rao, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, Terengganu Malaysia, raousm@gmail.com Prof. Dr. Hassan A.H. Al-Shamahy, Sana'a University, Yemen, shmahe@yemen.net.ye Similar Articles: LEVEL OF LEAD IN THE BLOOD AMONG FUEL STATION EMPLOYEES AND ITS RELATIONSHIP TO IMPAIRED LIVER AND KIDNEY FUNCTIONS IN DAMASCUS; SYRIA: OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE TO LEAD  INTERLEUKIN-22 SERUM LEVELS IN PATIENTS WITH RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS IN SANA'A CITY, YEMEN  PLASMA FERRITIN AND HEPCIDIN LEVELS IN PATIENTS WITH TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS