Open AccessKajian Karakteristik Fisikokimia Tepung Belimbing Manis dengan Perbedaan Metode dan Suhu Pengeringan
Author(s) -
Riska Yulis Hidayana,
Sukardi Sukardi,
Desiauriza Putri
Publication year - 2022
Publication title -
food technology and halal science journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
eISSN - 2746-2730
pISSN - 2621-6043
DOI - 10.22219/fths.v5i1.18777
Subject(s) - food science , chemistry , sugar , water content , randomized block design , horticulture , biology , geotechnical engineering , engineering
. Sweet star fruit (Averhoa Carambola L.) is an abundant commodity which has a short shelf life and easy to be damaged. The decrease in the quality of sweet star fruit is not only caused by chemical components but also physical properties. However, to be able to improve the quality of sweet star fruit, it can be processed into semi-finished product such as flour. This research aimed to analyze the interaction between drying method and drying temperature at sweet star fruit flour to the physicochemical characteristics.The experimental design used was a Randomized Block Design (RBD), namely differences in drying methods and drying temperatures, A1S1 (freezing+cabinet dryer 55⁰C), A2S1 (freezing+oven 55⁰C), A3S1 (cabinet dryer 55⁰C), A4S1 (oven 55⁰C), A1S2 (freezing+cabinet dryer 60⁰C), A2S2 (freezing+oven 60⁰C), A3S2 (cabinet dryer 60⁰C), A4S2 (oven 60⁰C). The observation parameters include moisture content, vitamin C, crude fiber content, antioxidants activity, total sugar, yield, and color intensity. The data is obtained followed by DMRT (Duncan's Multiple Range Test). The results of this research show that the A2S1 treatment using the oven drying method with a temperature of 55⁰C and the preliminary process in the form of microwave was the best treatment based on the results of physicochemical analysis with a moisture content of 17,64%, Vitamin C 41,00mg/100g, crude fiber content 16,24%, 19,25% total sugar, 12.45% yield, 17,28% antioxidant activity, brightness (+)63.56, redness (+)8,70, yellowness (+)12.36.Abstrak. Belimbing manis merupakan komoditas cukup melimpah yang memiliki masa simpan pendek dan mudah rusak. Penurunan kualitas belimbing manis tidak hanya disebabkan oleh komponen kimia tetapi juga sifat fisik. Namun untuk dapat meningkatkan kualitas belimbing manis dapat diolah menjadi produk setengah jadi yaitu tepung. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis interaksi antara metode pengeringan dan suhu pengeringan pada tepung belimbing manis terhadap karakteristik. Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK), yakni perbedaan metode pengeringan dan perbedaan suhu pengeringan, yaitu A1S1 (freezing+cabinet dryer 55⁰C), A2S1 (freezing+oven 55⁰C), A3S1 (cabinet dryer 55⁰C), A4S1 (oven 55⁰C), A1S2 (freezing+cabinet dryer 60⁰C), A2S2 (freezing+oven 60⁰C), A3S2 (cabinet dryer 60⁰C), A4S2 (oven 60⁰C). Parameter pengamatan meliputi kadar air, vitamin C, kadar serat kasar, aktivitas antioksidan, gula total, rendemen, dan intensitas warna. Hasil analisa kemudian diolah menggunakan analisis ragam (ANOVA) pada α = 5%, apabila berpengaruh nyata maka data yang diperoleh dilanjutkan dengan uji pembeda menggunakan uji. .Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan A2S1 dengan menggunakan metode pengeringan oven dengan suhu 55⁰C serta proses pendahuluan berupa microwave dan freezing menjadi perlakuan terbaik berdasarkan hasil analisa fisikokimia dengan kadar air 17,64%, Vitamin C 41,00mg/100g, kadar serat kasar 16,24%, gula total 19,25%, rendemen 12,45%, aktivitas antioksidan 17,28%, tingkat kecerahan (+)63,56, tingkat kemerahan (+)8,70, tingkat kekuningan (+)12,36.