Open AccessStudy of the effect the rate of addition of the antisolvent on the crystallization of the CL-20
Author(s) -
Joanna Szczygielska,
Paweł Maksimowski,
Wincenty Skupiński
Publication year - 2019
Publication title -
materiały wysokoenergetyczne
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
ISSN - 2083-0165
DOI - 10.22211/matwys/0120e
Subject(s) - supersaturation , crystallization , nucleation , yield (engineering) , precipitation , mother liquor , materials science , chemical engineering , process (computing) , growth rate , solvent , chemistry , crystallography , mathematics , organic chemistry , metallurgy , computer science , physics , geometry , meteorology , engineering , operating system
In this paper, the effect of antisolvent addition rate on the yield and polymorphic purity of the obtained product, in order to optimise the 2,4,6,8,10,12-hexanitro-2,4,6,8,10,12-hexaazaisowurtzitane (CL-20) precipitation process using a solvent/antisolvent system, was determined. It was found that increased dispensing rate of the antisolvent results in increased supersaturation in the mother liquor. This, in turn, increases the nucleation rate. The prevalence of the process of creating new seeds reduces the growth rate of the crystal, which affects the size distribution of the final crystallisation product. Reducing the time of the process results in the transformation of the initially formed, kinetically stable polymorph β, into the thermodynamically stable ε form with a lower yield, than the yield obtained after increased time.