Plant-microbe Interactions in Rhizospheric soil Treated with Different Quality Organic Residues

The objective of this research was to study plant-microbe interactions in rhizospheric soil treated with different quality organic residues in short-term incubation of the soil and subsequent planting of maize crop. The treatments combinations were, 1) untreated soil (control; CT), 2) groundnut stover (GN) with high nitrogen (N) but low lignin (L) and polyphenol (PP), 3) tamarind leaf and petiole litter (TM) with medium N, L and PP, 4) rice straw (RS) with low N, L and PP but high cellulose, 5) GN+TM, 6) GN+RS and 7) TM+RS. Single and mixed residue additions of GN and TM, both high and intermediate quality, resulted in higher soil microbial properties and nutrients than the application of RS as a low quality. Accordingly, the application of the former group increased microbial abundances (i.e., bacteria, archaea, and fungi), elevated the enzymes related to the decomposition of organic residue (i.e., invertase, protease, phenoloxidase and peroxidase activity), and enhanced soil nutrients and plant growth. The results indicated that the chemical compositions (N, L, and PP) of the organic residues amendment are key factors regulating soil microbial abundance and enzyme activity both in after incorporation and after planting. Moreover, bacterial and archaeal abundance, and microbial activities including soil respiration, invertase, protease, and peroxidase activity in the soil after planting higher than those in the soil before planting.