Open AccessMotilin receptor in GtoPdb v.2021.2
Author(s) -
Anthony P. Davenport,
Takio Kitazawa,
Gareth J. Sanger
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
iuphar/bps guide to pharmacology cite
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
ISSN - 2633-1020
DOI - 10.2218/gtopdb/f41/2021.2
Subject(s) - motilin , receptor , enteroendocrine cell , erythromycin , motility , peptide , cholinergic , gastrointestinal hormone , medicine , gastrointestinal tract , pharmacology , endocrinology , biology , endocrine system , chemistry , antibiotics , peptide hormone , biochemistry , hormone , microbiology and biotechnology
Motilin receptors (provisional nomenclature) are activated by motilin, a 22 amino-acid peptide derived from a precursor (MLN, P12872), which may also generate a motilin-associated peptide. There are significant species differences in the structure of motilin and its receptor. In humans and large mammals such as dog, activation of these receptors by motilin released from endocrine cells in the duodenal mucosa during fasting, induces propulsive phase III movements. This activity is associated with promoting hunger in humans. Drugs and other non-peptide compounds which activate the motilin receptor may generate a more long-lasting ability to increase cholinergic activity within the upper gut, to promote gastrointestinal motility; this activity is suggested to be responsible for the gastrointestinal prokinetic effects of certain macrolide antibiotics (often called motilides; e.g. erythromycin, azithromycin), although for many of these molecules the evidence is sparse. Relatively high doses may induce vomiting and in humans, nausea.