Open AccessMeasurement and standardization challenges for extracellular vesicle therapeutic delivery vectors
Author(s) -
Bryant C. Nelson,
Samantha Maragh,
Ionita Ghiran,
Jennifer C. Jones,
Paul C. DeRose,
Elzafir Elsheikh,
Wyatt N. Vreeland,
Lili Wang
Publication year - 2020
Publication title -
nanomedicine
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.947
H-Index - 109
eISSN - 1748-6963
pISSN - 1743-5889
DOI - 10.2217/nnm-2020-0206
Subject(s) - standardization , microvesicles , extracellular vesicles , extracellular vesicle , limiting , drug delivery , nanotechnology , translation (biology) , delivery system , drug development , computer science , computational biology , chemistry , medicine , biology , microbiology and biotechnology , drug , engineering , biomedical engineering , materials science , pharmacology , microrna , biochemistry , mechanical engineering , messenger rna , gene , operating system
Extracellular vesicles (EVs), such as exosomes and microvesicles, are nonreplicating lipid bilayer particles shed by most cell types which have the potential to revolutionize the development and efficient delivery of clinical therapeutics. This article provides an introduction to the landscape of EV-based vectors under development for the delivery of protein- and nucleic acid-based therapeutics. We highlight some of the most pressing measurement and standardization challenges that limit the translation of EVs to the clinic. Current challenges limiting development of EVs for drug delivery are the lack of: standardized cell-based platforms for the production of EV-based therapeutics; EV reference materials that allow researchers/manufacturers to validate EV measurements and standardized measurement systems for determining the molecular composition of EVs.