Open AccessCheckpoint inhibitors for renal cell carcinoma: current landscape and future directions
Author(s) -
Matthew R. Zibelman,
Pooja Ghatalia,
Daniel M. Geynisman,
Elizabeth R. Plimack
Publication year - 2016
Publication title -
immunotherapy
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.127
H-Index - 48
eISSN - 1750-7448
pISSN - 1750-743X
DOI - 10.2217/imt-2016-0028
Subject(s) - immunotherapy , medicine , renal cell carcinoma , clinical trial , oncology , immune checkpoint , cancer research , immunology , immune system
Immunotherapy with checkpoint inhibitors has arrived and begun to change the landscape of clinical oncology, including for patients with renal cell carcinoma. Specifically, drugs targeting the programmed death 1 and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte associated antigen pathways have demonstrated remarkable responses for patients in clinical trials. In this article, we review the most recent available data for immune checkpoint inhibitors for patients with renal cell carcinoma. We discuss potential strategies for rational combination therapies in these patients, some of which are currently being studied, and address important future considerations for use of these novel agents in the years to come.