Open AccessPREPARATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF ANDROGRAPHOLIDE NANOPARTICLES FOR VISCERAL LEISHMANIASIS CHEMOTHERAPY: IN VITRO AND IN VIVO EVALUATIONS
Author(s) -
Pallab Ghosh,
Sudipa Mondal,
Tanmoy Bera
Publication year - 2016
Publication title -
international journal of pharmacy and pharmaceutical sciences/international journal of pharmacy and pharmaceutical sciences
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
eISSN - 2656-0097
pISSN - 0975-1491
DOI - 10.22159/ijpps.2016v8i12.14773
Subject(s) - visceral leishmaniasis , andrographolide , in vivo , chemistry , bioavailability , leishmania donovani , pharmacology , spleen , biochemistry , medicine , leishmaniasis , immunology , biology , microbiology and biotechnology
Objective: To overcome low physiological solubility, poor bioavailability, the short plasma half-life of andrographolide (AG), a delivery system based on poly (D, L-lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) nanoparticles (NPs) were developed to increase the efficiency of AG against visceral leishmaniasis (VL).Methods: Andrographolide-PLGA nanoparticles (AGnp) were prepared with Pgp efflux inhibitor vitamin E TPGS (D-α-tocopheryl polyethylene glycol 1000 succinate) by emulsion solvent evaporation method and characterized. Antileishmanial activity was evaluated using in vitro and in vivo VL infection model.Results: The particle size of AGnp was found to be171.4±11.5 nm with an encapsulation efficiency of 81%. The AGnp reduced AG cellular toxicity, retained it's in vitro antileishmanial activity and lead to a reduction (99.9%) of parasite burden in the Leishmania donovani infected spleen and liver. AGnp was more active in infected mice liver at low dose than in spleen. Therapeutic indexes (TI) were 6.9-fold greater in AG and 68-fold in AGnp compared to amphotericin B (AmB) when evaluated in L. donovani infected spleen.Conclusion: Incorporation of AG in PLGA nanoparticles, provided controlled and improved in vivo performance against VL