Open AccessPHYTOCHEMICAL COMPOSITION AND TOXICITY OF STINGLESS BEE PROPOLIS FROM VARIOUS PROVINCES IN INDONESIA
Author(s) -
Mahani Mahani,
Jafar Syidik,
Zaida Zaida,
Ahmad Sulaeman,
Hardinsyah Hardinsyah,
Nunung Nurjanah
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
asian journal of pharmaceutical and clinical research
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
eISSN - 2455-3891
pISSN - 0974-2441
DOI - 10.22159/ajpcr.2021.v14i5.41116
Subject(s) - propolis , phytochemical , traditional medicine , flavonoid , stingless bee , brine shrimp , toxicity , tannin , biology , food science , botany , chemistry , medicine , biochemistry , antioxidant , apidae , hymenoptera , organic chemistry
Objective: The main objectives of the research are to determine the phytochemical content and toxicity of stingless bee propolis from various provinces in Indonesia.
Methods: Phytochemical testing of alkaloids and triterpenoids on propolis used a qualitative method, while for testing phenolics, flavonoids, and tannins using quantitative methods. Then, to test the toxicity of stingless bee propolis using the Brine Shrimp Lethality Test method.
Results: Propolis with the highest alkaloid and triterpenoid content is Central Java propolis from Tetragonula laeviceps species. Then, propolis with the highest total flavonoid content is South Sulawesi propolis of Tetragonula biroi species. Propolis with the highest total tannin content and total phenolic content is South Sulawesi propolis from Geniotrigona incise species. Propolis with the highest toxicity is Banten propolis from T. laeviceps species.
Conclusion: Stingless bee propolis from various provinces in Indonesia contains various phytochemicals and toxicities. Furthermore, there is a strong correlation between total flavonoid content and propolis toxicity.