Open AccessDISSOLUTION KINETICS OF PARTIALLY PURIFIED BROMELAIN FROM PINEAPPLE CORES (ANANAS COMOSUS [L.] MERR.) ENCAPSULATED IN GLUTARALDEHYDE-CROSSLINKED ALGINATE-GUAR GUM
Author(s) -
Fakhrian Juliano,
Hegi Adi Prabowo,
Emil Budianto,
Siswati Setiasih,
Sumi Hudiyono
Publication year - 2020
Publication title -
asian journal of pharmaceutical and clinical research
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
eISSN - 2455-3891
pISSN - 0974-2441
DOI - 10.22159/ajpcr.2020.v13i3.36629
Subject(s) - chemistry , glutaraldehyde , ananas , bromelain , chromatography , dissolution , guar gum , guar , ammonium sulfate precipitation , nuclear chemistry , papain , biochemistry , enzyme , organic chemistry , botany , size exclusion chromatography , biology
Objective: Bromelain is susceptible to low pH and thus must be encapsulated in glutaraldehyde-crosslinked alginate-guar gum (Alg-GG) hydrogels to avoid bromelain activity degradation in the stomach.
Methods: Isolated crude bromelain was purified through ammonium sulfate precipitation, sodium benzoate precipitation, and dialysis. Bromelain-loaded Alg-GG was dissolved in artificial gastric fluid and intestinal environment.
Results: The bromelain fractions showed a higher specific activity (U/mg) than the crude enzyme (51.32), as follows ammonium sulfate fraction (267.70±4.67), sodium benzoate fraction (115.63±3.35), and dialysis fraction (332.22). The dialysis fraction was encapsulated in Alg-GG hydrogel containing 0.75% (v/v) glutaraldehyde through the post-loading method. The swelling ratios of the hydrogel are 188.43% at pH 1.2 and 563.83% at pH 7.4. The highest encapsulation efficiency is 72.2%. The maximum bromelain concentration released during dissolution is higher in artificial intestinal environment (1.97 mg/L) than in artificial gastric fluid (0.18 mg/L), and the maximum proteolytic activities are 1.3 and 0.15 U/mL, respectively. Data were incorporated into the zero-order, first-order, Higuchi, and Korsmeyer–Peppas models to determine the kinetics and mechanism of bromelain dissolution. All bromelain concentrations (70, 140, and 210 ppm) follow the Korsmeyer–Peppas model. The dissolution mechanism is a combination of diffusion and erosion. Both the dialysis fraction (56.59%) and the dissolution product (47.45%) showed a good in vitro antiplatelet activity.
Conclusion: The present data show the promise of Alg-GG encapsulation as a vehicle for orally administered therapeutic enzymes.