Prevalence and Risk Factors of Peripheral Arterial Disease in type 2 Diabets Mellitus in Yogyakarta, Indonesia

Aim: Diabetes mellitus increases the risk of peripheral artery disease (PAD) 2 times. PAD is diagnosed by ABI (Ankle Brachial Index). PAD increases mortality and morbidity of patient with Diabetes Mellitus (DM) Type 2. This study aims to determine the prevalence and risk factors of PAD in the population of type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) in Yogyakarta, Indonesia.   Methods: This study was a community-based descriptive and analytic observational study that examines the prevalence and risk factors of PAD in type 2 diabetes mellitus. Diagnosis of PAD was detected by ABI examination using VaSera VS-1500N. All patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Yogyakarta who meet the inclusion criteria will be enrolled in this study. The research subjects were taken in multi-stage, cluster-random sampling in Yogyakarta. The patient will undergo an interview of demographic data which were assessed by one assessor.  Data from interviews and ABI examinations were analysed statistically.   Results: Two hundred and fifty-six (256) patients with type 2 DM consisted of 188 patients (73.4%) women and 68 patients (26.6%) men. Prevalence of PAD diagnosed by abnormal ABI was found in 41 (16%) of 256 patients. Subjects with age more than 67 years old was significantly associated with PAD occurrence (P=0,001) in type 2 DM population.   Conclusion: The prevalence of PAD was 16% of 256 type 2 DM patients. Age more than 67 years old was the strong risk factor of PAD in type 2 DM.   Key words: Ankle Brachial Index, Peripheral Arterial Disease, Diabetes mellitus, Prevalence, Risk Factor