Using a Smartphone Application for the Accurate and Rapid Diagnosis of Acute Anterior Intracranial Arterial Occlusion: Usability Study

Background Telestroke has developed rapidly as an assessment tool for patients eligible for reperfusion therapy. Objective To investigate whether vascular neurologists can diagnose intracranial large vessel occlusion (LVO) as quickly and accurately using a smartphone application compared to a hospital-based desktop PC monitor. Methods We retrospectively enrolled 108 consecutive patients with acute ischemic stroke in the middle cerebral artery territory who underwent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) within 24 hours of their stroke onset. Two vascular neurologists, blinded to all clinical information, independently evaluated magnetic resonance angiography and fluid-attenuated inversion recovery images for the presence or absence of LVO in the internal carotid artery and middle cerebral artery (M1, M2, or M3) on both a smartphone application (Smartphone-LVO) and a hospital-based desktop PC monitor (PC-LVO). To evaluate the accuracy of an arterial occlusion diagnosis, interdevice variability between Smartphone-LVO and PC-LVO was analyzed using κ statistics, and image interpretation time was compared between Smartphone-LVO and PC-LVO. Results There was broad agreement between Smartphone-LVO and PC-LVO evaluations regarding the presence or absence of arterial occlusion (Reader 1: κ=0.94; P <.001 vs Reader 2: κ=0.89; P <.001), and interpretation times were similar between Smartphone-LVO and PC-LVO. Conclusions The results indicate the evaluation of neuroimages using a smartphone application can provide an accurate and timely diagnosis of anterior intracranial arterial occlusion that can be shared immediately with members of the stroke team to support the management of patients with hyperacute ischemic stroke.