Open AccessCapturing COVID-like Symptoms At-Scale using Banner Ads: A Novel Survey Methodology Pilot using an Online News Platform (Preprint)
Author(s) -
Brian E. Dixon,
Sumit Mukherjee,
Ashley Wiensch,
Mary L. Gray,
Juan Lavista Ferres,
Shaun J. Grannis
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
jmir. journal of medical internet research/journal of medical internet research
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.446
H-Index - 142
eISSN - 1439-4456
pISSN - 1438-8871
DOI - 10.2196/24742
Subject(s) - preprint , covid-19 , banner , scale (ratio) , computer science , world wide web , internet privacy , data science , medicine , geography , virology , cartography , disease , archaeology , pathology , outbreak , infectious disease (medical specialty)
Background Identifying new COVID-19 cases is challenging. Not every suspected case undergoes testing, because testing kits and other equipment are limited in many parts of the world. Yet populations increasingly use the internet to manage both home and work life during the pandemic, giving researchers mediated connections to millions of people sheltering in place. Objective The goal of this study was to assess the feasibility of using an online news platform to recruit volunteers willing to report COVID-19like symptoms and behaviors. Methods An online epidemiologic survey captured COVID-19related symptoms and behaviors from individuals recruited through banner ads offered through Microsoft News. Respondents indicated whether they were experiencing symptoms, whether they received COVID-19 testing, and whether they traveled outside of their local area. Results A total of 87,322 respondents completed the survey across a 3-week span at the end of April 2020, with 54.3% of the responses from the United States and 32.0% from Japan. Of the total respondents, 19,631 (22.3%) reported at least one symptom associated with COVID-19. Nearly two-fifths of these respondents (39.1%) reported more than one COVID-19like symptom. Individuals who reported being tested for COVID-19 were significantly more likely to report symptoms (47.7% vs 21.5%; P <.001). Symptom reporting rates positively correlated with per capita COVID-19 testing rates ( R 2 =0.26; P <.001). Respondents were geographically diverse, with all states and most ZIP Codes represented. More than half of the respondents from both countries were older than 50 years of age. Conclusions News platforms can be used to quickly recruit study participants, enabling collection of infectious disease symptoms at scale and with populations that are older than those found through social media platforms. Such platforms could enable epidemiologists and researchers to quickly assess trends in emerging infections potentially before at-risk populations present to clinics and hospitals for testing and/or treatment.