NON-MALIGNANT DISEASES OF THE ENDOCRINE SYSTEM THROUGH 30 YEARS AFTER CHERNOBYL ACCIDENT

A retrospective analysis of data 1992–2014 years shows that the prevalence of thyroid patology in people affected by the Chernobyl accident is 40.3 %, in emergency workers — 35.4 %, in those whowere evacuated from the exclusion zone — 27.2 %, in residents of radiation contaminated areas — 28.6 %. It’s significantly higher (p < 0.0001) than in the general Ukrainian population (3.9 %). The most common non-malignant endocrine diseases in individuals who have suffered as a result of the Chernobyl accident were: nodular goiter — 14.4 %, chronic autoimmune thyroiditis 8 %, preobese/obesity 41.9 %/36.8 %, pre-diabetes/diabetes 15.5 %/21.4 %. The most common non-malignant endocrine diseases liquidators of the Chernobyl accident were nodular goiter — 21.8 %, chronic autoimmune thyroiditis — 12.9 %, pre-obese/obesity — 41.7 %/33.6 %, prediabetes/diabetes — 8.6 %/12.2 %. Critical groups were children evacuated from the 30 km exclusion zone and irradiated at the age of 3–6 years. They had diffuse toxic goiter in 43.7 %, chronic autoimmune thyroiditis — 1.7 %, primary hypothyroidism — 0.96 %, nodular goiter — 2.3 %, and the peak prevalence of chronic autoimmune thyroiditis occurred in 2001–2003. An active period of their puberty. Among children who were born from irradiated parents (first generation), thyroid disease was detected in 42.6 %, it exceeded the rate in the control group, chronic autoimmune thyroiditis diagnosed significantly less frequently — at 0.45 %, diffuse toxic goiter in 9.5–13.8 %, nodular goiter at 1.7 %. Non-malignant endocrine pathology in exposed adults and children is common, occurs in 3–53 % of individuals, occurs in the majority of victims in 10–15 years after exposure to the radiation factor in the result of technogenic accident or incident, it continues to grow slowly in 30 years.