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Impact of toxicities and potential interactions of flocculants and coagulant aids on whole effluent toxicity testing
Author(s) -
Fort Douglas J.,
Stover Enos L.
Publication year - 1995
Publication title -
water environment research
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.356
H-Index - 73
eISSN - 1554-7531
pISSN - 1061-4303
DOI - 10.2175/106143095x133149
Subject(s) - ceriodaphnia dubia , flocculation , effluent , cationic polymerization , toxicity , acute toxicity , chemistry , polymer , chromatography , environmental chemistry , pulp and paper industry , environmental engineering , organic chemistry , environmental science , engineering
The acute toxicities of both organic flocculants (polymer) and inorganic coagulant aids (Al 2 (SO 4 ) 3 and FeCl 3 ) to the commonly used whole effluent toxicity test species Ceriodaphnia dubia were evaluated. Results from these studies suggested that cationic polymer flocculants have the potential of inducing acute toxicity to C. dubia at extremely low concentrations as opposed to the inorganic coagulant aids. Because polymers and inorganic coagulant aids are more commonly used in conjunction with one another, assessment of potential toxic interaction between the two types of additives was evaluated, as well, using joint‐compound interaction modeling. Results from these studies indicated that cationic polymers and FeCl 3 or Al 2 (SO 4 ) 3 seemed to act synergistically (greater than additive toxicity). Overall, these studies clearly demonstrated that both the type of flocculating agent used and the type of treatment application strongly influence toxicity.