Premium
Removal Efficiency of Different Gemini Surfactants and Related Modified Clay to Chattonella marina
Author(s) -
Wang WenWen,
Yan XinYa,
Li YunHui,
Yu DeRen,
Li HongYe,
Yang WeiDong,
Liu JieSheng
Publication year - 2017
Publication title -
water environment research
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.356
H-Index - 73
eISSN - 1554-7531
pISSN - 1061-4303
DOI - 10.2175/106143017x15054988926389
Subject(s) - ammonium , ammonium chloride , ammonium bromide , chemistry , intercalation (chemistry) , salt (chemistry) , chloride , bromide , algae , ethylene , algal bloom , nuclear chemistry , inorganic chemistry , organic chemistry , botany , nutrient , biochemistry , biology , pulmonary surfactant , catalysis , phytoplankton
To obtain new modified clays with excellent algae removal efficiency, three gemini surfactants including ethylene bis (dodecyl dimethyl ammonium chloride), ethylene bis (octadecyl dimethyl ammonium chloride) and ethylene bis (dodecyl dimethyl ammonium bromide) (EDAB), and a poly quaternary ammonium salt, poly dimethyl diallyl ammonium chloride, were screened with Chattonella marina . The four chemicals all exhibited high removal efficiencies against C. marina , with EDAB achieving the highest. A series of organ‐clays with different ratios of EDAB were prepared, and the associated removal efficiencies were evaluated. The removal efficiencies of the organ‐clays were improved by the EDAB intercalation and the organ‐clay with 15% EDAB had the highest removal efficiency. The LC 50 of EDAB intercalated clay for zebrafish and shrimp was much higher than the values of intercalated clay required to obtain a desirable removal efficiency of algae. Taken together, EDAB intercalated clay might be a potential alternative to control harmful algal blooms (HABs).