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Inactivation of Bacillus Spores in Wash Waters Using Dilute Chlorine Bleach Solutions at Different Temperatures and pH Levels
Author(s) -
Gallardo Vicente J.,
Schupp Donald A.,
Heckman John L.,
Krishnan E. Radha,
Rice Eugene W.
Publication year - 2018
Publication title -
water environment research
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.356
H-Index - 73
eISSN - 1554-7531
pISSN - 1061-4303
DOI - 10.2175/106143017x14902968254719
Subject(s) - chlorine , turbidity , bleach , spore , chemistry , chemical oxygen demand , environmental chemistry , bacillales , total dissolved solids , microbiology and biotechnology , environmental engineering , bacteria , wastewater , biology , organic chemistry , environmental science , ecology , genetics , bacillus subtilis
Inactivation of Bacillus globigii spores in wash water was studied to simulate chlorine inactivation of Bacillus anthracis spores in water generated during biological cleanups. Eight waters were studied, with six containing detergent. Chlorine levels were approximately 3000 mg/L. Results across different waters showed decreasing inactivation with increasing pH. Inactivation did not appear to be influenced by chemical oxygen demand, suspended solids, turbidity, or dissolved solids. Inactivation efficacy was expressed as the time calculated to yield 6 log 10 inactivation at 3000 mg NaOCl/L. This time ranged from 5 to 51 minutes at ~21 °C and from 11 to 209 minutes at ~5 °C. For one wash water, inactivation was conducted when there was no pH adjustment, and when the pH was buffered at 7 and 8. Inactivation in these buffered waters was rapid, but inactivation decreased sharply at a pH above ~9.3.