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Mechanisms and Control of NO 2 − Inhibition of Anaerobic Ammonium Oxidation (Anammox)
Author(s) -
Li Guangbin,
CarvajalArroyo Jose Maria,
SierraAlvarez Reyes,
Field Jim A.
Publication year - 2017
Publication title -
water environment research
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.356
H-Index - 73
eISSN - 1554-7531
pISSN - 1061-4303
DOI - 10.2175/106143017x14839994523064
Subject(s) - anammox , ammonium , chemistry , ammonia , anaerobic exercise , nuclear chemistry , inorganic chemistry , environmental chemistry , nitrogen , biochemistry , denitrification , biology , organic chemistry , physiology , denitrifying bacteria
Nitrite (NO 2 − ), one of the main substrates in the anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) process, has the potential to inhibit anammox bacteria. The sensitivity of anammox cells with different energy status to NO 2 − was evaluated, and addition of nitrate (NO 3 − ) inhibition on the basis of narK gene with the putative function of facilitating NO 3 − /NO 2 − antiporter. The results showed that the resistance of anammox bacteria to NO 2 − inhibition follows the order: active‐cells > starved‐cells > resting‐cells > starved‐/resting‐cells. Anammmox resting cells have increasing tolerance to NO 2 − in the pH range from 7.0 to 7.5. Dissipating the proton gradient by using carbonyl cyanide m‐chlorophenyl hydrazine (CCCP) caused severe inhibition at all pH values including pH = 7.5. Addition of NO 3 − enabled activity recovery of NO 2 − ‐inhibited anammox bacteria regardless of whether the proton gradient was disrupted or not, supporting the hypothesis of NO 3 − ‐dependent detoxification via a secondary transport system.