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Natural Treatment and Onsite Processes
Author(s) -
Gude Veera Gnaneswar,
Magbanua Benjamin S.,
Truax Dennis D.
Publication year - 2014
Publication title -
water environment research
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.356
H-Index - 73
eISSN - 1554-7531
pISSN - 1061-4303
DOI - 10.2175/106143014x14031280667615
Subject(s) - pollutant , sewage treatment , environmental science , wetland , wastewater , constructed wetland , greenhouse gas , environmental engineering , waste management , engineering , ecology , biology
This paper provides a review of the treatment technologies, which utilize natural processes or passive components in wastewater treatment. The paper primarily focuses on wetland systems and their applications in wastewater treatment (as an advanced treatment unit or decentralized system), nutrient and pollutant removal (single and multiple pollutants, and metals), and emerging pollutant removal (pharmaceuticals). A summary of studies involving the plant (vegetation) effects, wetland design and modeling, hybrid and innovative systems, storm water treatment and other issues such as climate change and greenhouse gas emissions is also provided.