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Phytoremediation of Arsenic by Trapa natans in a Hydroponic System
Author(s) -
Baruah Sangita,
Borgohain Jayasree,
Sarma K.P.
Publication year - 2014
Publication title -
water environment research
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.356
H-Index - 73
eISSN - 1554-7531
pISSN - 1061-4303
DOI - 10.2175/106143013x13807328849972
Subject(s) - arsenic , phytoremediation , chemistry , environmental chemistry , nuclear chemistry , arsenic toxicity , shoot , chlorosis , arsenate , metal ions in aqueous solution , metal , botany , biology , heavy metals , organic chemistry
Phytoremediation of arsenic (As) by water chestnut ( Trapa natans ) in a hydroponic system was studied. Plants were grown at two concentrations of arsenic, 1.28 mg/L and 10.80 mg/L, in a single metal solution. Scanning Electron Microscope‐Energy Dispersive X‐ray (SEM‐EDX) confirmed highest arsenic concentration in the roots, followed by shoots and leaves. SEM‐EDX also confirmed internalization of arsenic in T. natans and the damage caused due to arsenic exposure. Fourier Transform Infra Red Spectroscopy (FT‐IRS) indicated that the binding characteristics of the arsenic ions involved the hydroxyl, amide, amino, and thiol groups in the biomass. Chlorophyll concentration decreased with increasing metal concentration and duration of exposure, but proline content increases with increasing concentration in the plant. Morphological changes were studied on the 3 rd , 5 th and 7 th day. Unhealthy growth and chlorosis were found to be related with arsenic toxicity. From the above studies it is clear that T. natans can be used successfully for the removal of arsenic ions by a phytoremediation process.